HomeSearch by dateVacation packagesHotelsFlight dealsCar rentalTravel tips & news
Seattle

$487+ Cheap flights from Ho Chi Minh City (SGN) to Seattle (SEA)

This is the cheapest one-way flight price found by a Cheapflights user in the last 72 hours by searching for a flight departing on 3/4. Fares are subject to change and may not be available on all flights or dates of travel.
SGN — SEA
feb. 25 — mar. 41
mar. 2/25
mar. 3/4
1 adult, Economy
We work with more than 300 partners to bring you better travel deals

Find cheap flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle with Cheapflights

1. Tell us where you want to go
Enter your travel information like dates, passengers, trip type (one-way or round trip), and preferred cabin class then click “Find deals”
2. Select your favorite providers
We find the providers serving your travel needs. Choose up to four travel providers to compare side-by-side for flights, hotels, or car rentals.
3. Compare prices and book
Review each provider’s pricing and select the best option for you! Book through your favorite provider’s website for a seamless experience.

The best prices from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle/Tacoma Intl are usually found in October or September, booked 44 days in advance, depart on a Sunday or Monday and return on a Monday

Cheap flight deals from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle

Discover tips and strategies to find the most affordable flight options for your journey from Ho Chi Minh City (SGN) to Seattle (SEA). Learn about various techniques such as flexible date searches, comparing prices across and setting up price alerts. Use these methods to find the cheapest flights available for your travel needs. Data last updated febrero 20, 2025.

Most accurate provider

FlightHub
3 stars

Most trusted provider

FlightHub
3 stars

Round-trip from

$683
(oojo)

One-way from

$487
(Kiwi.com)

Popular in

August

Cheapest in

October

Average price

$1,172
Provider with most accurate pricing for Ho Chi Minh City-Seattle/Tacoma Intl flight deals.
Search Deals
Provider most trusted by Cheapflights users for Ho Chi Minh City-Seattle/Tacoma Intl flights.
Search Deals
From Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle/Tacoma Intl
Search Deals
One-way flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle/Tacoma Intl
Search Deals
Highest demand for flights based on searches. 10% potential increase in price ($124 potential increase over avg. RT price).
Search Deals
Cheapest flight prices on average. 4% potential price decrease ($44 potential savings vs. average RT price).
Search Deals
Average for round-trip flights in February 2025
Search Deals

Find flight deals from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle

Cheapest flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle
Explore the most affordable flight options available from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on febrero 20, 2025.

This oojo deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure oojo is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
vie. 4/113:35 pmSGN - SEA
1 stop17h 45mPhilippine Airlines
vie. 4/1811:30 pmSEA - SGN
1 stop25h 00mPhilippine Airlines
Deal found 2/20$683
This United Airlines deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure United Airlines is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
jue. 11/2011:05 pmSGN - SEA
1 stop29h 15mUnited Airlines
jue. 11/275:36 amSEA - SGN
2 stops25h 14mUnited Airlines
Deal found 2/20$840
This FlightHub deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure FlightHub is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
jue. 4/36:25 pmSGN - SEA
1 stop35h 45mSTARLUX Airlines
lun. 7/141:15 amSEA - SGN
1 stop19h 00mSTARLUX Airlines
Deal found 2/20$845
This China Airlines deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure China Airlines is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
dom. 4/65:30 pmSGN - SEA
1 stop16h 00mChina Airlines
sáb. 4/121:10 amSEA - SGN
1 stop25h 10mChina Airlines
Deal found 2/20$846
This Booking.com deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Booking.com is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
jue. 4/310:45 pmSGN - SEA
1 stop29h 40mANA
mar. 7/157:33 pmSEA - SGN
2 stops35h 52mANA
Deal found 2/20$862
This Trip.com deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Trip.com is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
mié. 11/512:10 amSGN - SEA
1 stop27h 25mAsiana Airlines
jue. 11/132:00 pmSEA - SGN
1 stop17h 50mAsiana Airlines
Deal found 2/20$869
This oojo deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure oojo is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
jue. 3/62:05 pmSGN - SEA
1 stop33h 55mKorean Air
dom. 3/912:00 pmSEA - SGN
1 stop21h 20mKorean Air
Deal found 2/20$905
This Delta deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/18. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Delta is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
vie. 5/27:35 amSGN - SEA
1 stop20h 00mDelta
sáb. 6/281:05 pmSEA - SGN
1 stop20h 10mDelta
Deal found 2/18$919
This ezTravel 易遊網 deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure ezTravel 易遊網 is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
sáb. 4/51:50 amSGN - SEA
1 stop31h 40mEVA Air
sáb. 4/1212:30 amSEA - SGN
1 stop19h 25mEVA Air
Deal found 2/20$937
This Trip.com deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/19. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Trip.com is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
mié. 8/203:35 pmSGN - SEA
1 stop17h 45mMultiple Airlines
mar. 10/71:10 amSEA - SGN
1 stop18h 30mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 2/19$958
This American Airlines deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/18. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure American Airlines is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
dom. 5/48:20 amSGN - SEA
2 stops24h 39mAmerican Airlines
lun. 6/308:05 amSEA - SGN
2 stops23h 40mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 2/18$1,175

Find flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle within your budget

Customize your flight search to find flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle that fit within your specific budget. Explore options based on user searches and filter the results based on your desired price range. Find flights that match your budget for a cost-effective journey. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,558,603 searches. Data last updated febrero 20, 2025.

Fly from

Ho Chi Minh City

Fly to

Seattle

Route

Depart

Return

Price

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

vie. 4/11

3:35 pm-7:20 pm

1 stop17h 45m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

vie. 4/18

11:30 pm-2:30 pm

1 stop25h 00m

$683

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

vie. 6/20

10:45 pm-2:25 pm

1 stop29h 40m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

vie. 7/18

6:45 am-11:45 pm

2 stops27h 00m

$843

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

jue. 4/3

6:25 pm-4:10 pm

1 stop35h 45m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

lun. 7/14

1:15 am-10:15 am

1 stop19h 00m

$845

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

dom. 4/6

5:30 pm-7:30 pm

1 stop16h 00m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

sáb. 4/12

1:10 am-4:20 pm

1 stop25h 10m

$846

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

jue. 4/3

10:45 pm-2:25 pm

1 stop29h 40m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

mar. 7/15

7:33 pm-9:25 pm

2 stops35h 52m

$862

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

jue. 4/10

12:10 am-12:30 pm

1 stop26h 20m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

vie. 4/18

2:15 pm-11:05 am

1 stop30h 50m

$890

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

jue. 3/6

2:05 pm-9:00 am

1 stop33h 55m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

dom. 3/9

12:00 pm-11:20 pm

1 stop21h 20m

$905

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

vie. 4/11

3:35 pm-7:20 pm

1 stop17h 45m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

jue. 4/17

1:10 am-4:20 pm

1 stop25h 10m

$906

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

sáb. 4/5

1:50 am-7:30 pm

1 stop31h 40m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

sáb. 4/12

12:30 am-9:55 am

1 stop19h 25m

$937

Ho Chi Minh CitySeattle

SGN - SEA

SGNSEA

Ho Chi Minh City

jue. 3/6

2:05 pm-9:00 am

1 stop33h 55m

Seattle/Tacoma Intl

mié. 4/30

6:10 am-11:15 pm

2 stops27h 05m

$1,020

Flights are sorted by cheapest round-trip flights first.

Deals found on 2/20

Showing 1-10 of 26 results
1
2
3

Compare providers for flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle

Provider information is updated monthly. Please note that these providers often have deals for this flight, but the availability may vary on a day-by-day basis on Cheapflights.
Use the table below to compare price accuracy, trust ratings, and cancellation policies for each provider offering flight deals from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle in February.
ProviderPrice AccuracyTrust Score*
ExpediaPrice Accuracy1 starTrust Score*3 stars
FlightHubPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*3 stars
oojoPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*2 stars
eDreamsPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*3 stars
CheapflightsfaresPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*2 stars
Justfly.comPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*3 stars
AranGrantPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*1 star
Trip.comPrice Accuracy1 starTrust Score*3 stars
Kiwi.comPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*2 stars
OvagoPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*3 stars

*The Trust Score is based on feedback from users after their booking experience. It measures overall satisfaction, helping us identify issues like hidden fees, problems during the ticketing process, and the quality of customer service. This score is our best indicator of the provider's quality and reliability.

  • Most accurate provider: When it comes to deals on Ho Chi Minh City-Seattle flights, users find the pricing of FlightHub to be most consistent on Cheapflights vs. FlightHub Users can find the same prices on Ho Chi Minh City-Seattle flight deals on Cheapflights vs. FlightHub >95% of the time. Price accuracy is based on data collected from Ho Chi Minh City-Seattle flight searches over the past month and is updated monthly.
  • Most trusted provider: When it comes to deals on Ho Chi Minh City-Seattle flights, Cheapflights users trust FlightHub the most. FlightHub has received a user feedback score of 3 out of 3 stars (3 being the best), meaning they have been trusted the most by Cheapflights users looking for Ho Chi Minh City-Seattle flight deals. Provider user feedback score is based on Cheapflights searches over the past month and is updated monthly.

Best time to book a flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle

Have a flexible travel schedule? Discover the best time to fly to Seattle from Ho Chi Minh City with our price prediction graph.
Estimated round-trip price
Rates are based on past data. Find the cheapest month and day to book your flight based on your travel requirements, then search for cheap deals.

Travel insights for flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle

Get recent, data-driven insights about flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle including ideal travel times, pricing trends, and more.

How far ahead should I book a flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle?

Use this chart to determine the optimal time to book a round-trip flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle. Price data was last updated on February 14, 2025.

Booking 44 days in advance of your planned departure date is, on average, the best time to get cheap flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle. The general trend is that the closer you book to the departure date, the more expensive your flight will be.

What is the cheapest month to book a flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle?

Currently, January is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle (average of $238). Flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle in July is currently the most expensive (average of $411). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.

What is the cheapest time of day to fly from SGN to SEA?

Find hourly flight availability from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle. Discover flight options and departure times throughout the day, allowing you to choose a departure time that suits your schedule. Data last updated febrero 20, 2025.

It’s optimal to fly from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle in the afternoon. By choosing this option you can save up to 13% on the cost of your flight, compared to a flight at noon.

Rainfall in Seattle by month

Plan your trip to Seattle by taking into account the average rainfall totals by month.

In terms of precipitation, rainfall in Seattle ranges from 0.7 - 6.6 inches per month. November is typically the wettest month, when rainfall can reach 6.6 in. July is typically the driest time to visit Seattle when rainfall is around 0.7 in.

Temperature in Seattle by month

Plan your trip to Seattle by taking into account the average temperature totals by month.

If weather is an important factor for your trip to Seattle, use this chart to help with planning. For those seeking warmer temperatures, July is the ideal time of year to visit, when temperatures reach an average of 66.2 F. Travelers looking to avoid the cold should look outside of December, when temperatures are typically at their lowest (around 41.0 F).

Reviews of airlines servicing Seattle

Get insights into the airlines that provide service to Seattle. Read reviews, discover amenities, and learn about the overall travel experience offered by airlines. Use this information to make informed decisions when choosing an airline for your flight to Seattle. Reviews last updated febrero 20, 2025.
Get a feel of what it's like to fly with STARLUX Airlines, EVA Air and ANA from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle by reading reviews from past customers. You can also see how each airline stacks up in terms of entertainment options, comfort, food, crew/service, and boarding process.
STARLUX Airlines
9.1
Wonderful
140 reviews

Food

9.0

Crew

9.3

Entertainment

9.1

Boarding

9.1

Comfort

9.0

Overall

9.1

Reviews

1 / 5

10.0
Excellent

Andrew,Jan 2025

LAX - TPE

Crew were attentive from start to finish. Each meal was amazing. IFE screen was huge and had quite a bit of western movies, however the tv shows were lacking.

STARLUX Airlines
9.1
Wonderful
140 reviews
STARLUX Airlines
9.1
Wonderful
140 reviews

Food

9.0

Crew

9.3

Entertainment

9.1

Boarding

9.1

Comfort

9.0

Overall

9.1

Reviews

1 / 5

10.0
Excellent

Andrew,Jan 2025

LAX - TPE

Crew were attentive from start to finish. Each meal was amazing. IFE screen was huge and had quite a bit of western movies, however the tv shows were lacking.

EVA Air
8.4
Very good
1,200 reviews
STARLUX Airlines
9.1
Wonderful
140 reviews

Food

9.0

Crew

9.3

Entertainment

9.1

Boarding

9.1

Comfort

9.0

Overall

9.1

Reviews

1 / 5

10.0
Excellent

Andrew,Jan 2025

LAX - TPE

Crew were attentive from start to finish. Each meal was amazing. IFE screen was huge and had quite a bit of western movies, however the tv shows were lacking.

ANA
8.4
Very good
842 reviews
STARLUX Airlines
9.1
Wonderful
140 reviews

Food

9.0

Crew

9.3

Entertainment

9.1

Boarding

9.1

Comfort

9.0

Overall

9.1

Reviews

1 / 5

10.0
Excellent

Andrew,Jan 2025

LAX - TPE

Crew were attentive from start to finish. Each meal was amazing. IFE screen was huge and had quite a bit of western movies, however the tv shows were lacking.

Korean Air
8.4
Very good
1,037 reviews
STARLUX Airlines
9.1
Wonderful
140 reviews

Food

9.0

Crew

9.3

Entertainment

9.1

Boarding

9.1

Comfort

9.0

Overall

9.1

Reviews

1 / 5

10.0
Excellent

Andrew,Jan 2025

LAX - TPE

Crew were attentive from start to finish. Each meal was amazing. IFE screen was huge and had quite a bit of western movies, however the tv shows were lacking.

Japan Airlines
8.3
Very good
1,440 reviews
STARLUX Airlines
9.1
Wonderful
140 reviews

Food

9.0

Crew

9.3

Entertainment

9.1

Boarding

9.1

Comfort

9.0

Overall

9.1

Reviews

1 / 5

10.0
Excellent

Andrew,Jan 2025

LAX - TPE

Crew were attentive from start to finish. Each meal was amazing. IFE screen was huge and had quite a bit of western movies, however the tv shows were lacking.

Related info for your journey

Find useful and relevant information for your journey from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle. Access travel guides, tips, and recommendations to enhance your travel experience. Get information about local attractions, weather, transportation options, and more.

  • What are the cheapest airlines flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle round-trip?

    Currently priced at $683, Philippine Airlines will fly you from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle and back. In addition to Philippine Airlines, many other airlines offer competitively priced options for your trip. Search Cheapflights for deals from United Airlines and STARLUX Airlines - these airlines can fly you to your destination from $843 and $845, respectively. Philippine Airlines is currently priced 37% below the average price you’ll pay for this route.

  • What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle one-way?

    One-way options have recently been found by users for as low as $521 on STARLUX Airlines. Other airlines that offer cheap prices include China Airlines from $525 and Korean Air from $549 one-way.

  • Where are the most common layover locations when flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle?

    Flights departing from Ho Chi Minh City and landing in Seattle layover in Taipei City most frequently. Seoul sees the second most layovers for non-direct flights flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle.

  • What are some popular things to do or see while on a layover in Taipei City?

    Taipei 101, Shilin Night Market, and Raohe Street Night Market are currently the most popular points of interest in Taipei City at the moment. Taipei 101, Shilin Night Market and Raohe Street Night Market are located about 21.0 mi, 18.3 mi, and 21.6 mi, respectively from Taipei City Taiwan Taoyuan Intl if you are interested in checking them out. Travelers in need of a car in Taipei City can rent one for about $80 per day.

  • What are some popular points of interest to see during a layover in Seoul?

    Seoul travelers tend to visit Namdaemun Market, Myeongdong Cathedral, and Dongdaemun Market more than any other notable places. Travelers on a layover in Seoul can visit Namdaemun Market, Myeongdong Cathedral, and Dongdaemun Market, by traveling 29.8 mi, 30.4 mi, and 31.6 mi, respectively after landing at Incheon Intl. Travelers can book a car rental at Incheon Intl for about $45 per day to make their sightseeing more efficient.

  • Where are the least popular layover locations for Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle flights?

    Flights departing from Ho Chi Minh City and landing in Seattle layover in Tokyo least frequently.

  • Can I find deals for flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle that include hotel bookings?

    Yes. In addition to deals on Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle flights, Cheapflights offers vacation packages that include both flights and hotel.

  • How can I find direct flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle?

    After entering your origin and destination, apply the non-stop filter on the search result page to find direct flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle.

  • Can I find deals for business class flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle?

    Yes. Cheapflights offers flight deals from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle by cabin class. In addition to browsing deals, you can also filter by cabin class on the search results page after making a search.

  • What is the cheapest month to book a flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle?

    Currently, January is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle (average of $238). Flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle in July is currently the most expensive (average of $411). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.

See more FAQs

Traveling to a place near Ho Chi Minh City?

Book flights to Ho Chi Minh City if you plan to visit one of these locations
SeaTac
Tukwila
Renton
Tacoma
Lacey
Ocean Shores
Leavenworth
Olympia
Federal Way
Centralia
Marysville
Cle Elum
Mukilteo
Aberdeen
Lakewood
Issaquah
Shoreline
Lynnwood
Shelton
Silverdale

Browse thousands of different options on Cheapflights for your next trip

Toggle through the tabs below to find thousands of options on Cheapflights for your next trip.

Alternative routes for Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle

See prices for flight routes from nearby airports that may be better suited for you.
Ho Chi Minh City to Portland flights
Hanoi to Seattle flights
Da Nang to Seattle flights
Da Nang to Portland flights
Nha Trang to Seattle flights

Top 10 airlines flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle

Discover the top 10 airlines that operate flights from Ho Chi Minh City to Seattle. Compare their services, reliability, and customer satisfaction ratings to choose the airline that best suits your travel preferences and needs. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,558,603 searches. Data last updated febrero 20, 2025.
AirlineCheapestAverageFlexibilityOn-time
Asiana AirlinesCheapest$696Average$869FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time76%
China AirlinesCheapest$790Average$915FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time70%
United AirlinesCheapest$862Average$1,081FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time69%
ANACheapest$866Average$1,438FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time80%
STARLUX AirlinesCheapest$867Average$975FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-timeN/A
Korean AirCheapest$891Average$1,188FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time81%
Japan AirlinesCheapest$915Average$1,157FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time79%
EVA AirCheapest$951Average$1,110FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time74%
DeltaCheapest$959Average$1,093FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-timeN/A
American AirlinesCheapest$986Average$1,088FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time71%
100% Free
Cheapflights is completely free to use, so you can start saving the moment you arrive.
Book with Flexibility
Our users can plan ahead with confidence and find flights with no change fees
Travel Smart
Millions of people come to us for their flight needs every year. We help make travel planning easy by providing useful insights and data-driven graphs that can inform your decisions.