HomeSearch by dateVacation packagesHotelsFlight dealsCar rentalTravel tips & news
Charles de Gaulle

$501+ Cheap flights from Port Louis (MRU) to Charles de Gaulle (CDG)

This is the cheapest one-way flight price found by a Cheapflights user in the last 72 hours by searching for a flight departing on 4/9. Fares are subject to change and may not be available on all flights or dates of travel.
MRU — CDG
Feb 25 — Mar 41
Tue 2/25
Tue 3/4
1 adult, Economy
We work with more than 300 partners to bring you better travel deals

Find cheap flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle with Cheapflights

1. Tell us where you want to go
Enter your travel information like dates, passengers, trip type (one-way or round trip), and preferred cabin class then click “Find deals”
2. Select your favorite providers
We find the providers serving your travel needs. Choose up to four travel providers to compare side-by-side for flights, hotels, or car rentals.
3. Compare prices and book
Review each provider’s pricing and select the best option for you! Book through your favorite provider’s website for a seamless experience.

The best prices from Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram. to Paris Charles de Gaulle are usually found in October or November, booked 44 days in advance, depart on a Sunday or Friday and return on a Saturday

Cheap flight deals from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle

Discover tips and strategies to find the most affordable flight options for your journey from Port Louis (MRU) to Charles de Gaulle (CDG). Learn about various techniques such as flexible date searches, comparing prices across and setting up price alerts. Use these methods to find the cheapest flights available for your travel needs. Data last updated February 20, 2025.

Most accurate provider

FlightHub
3 stars

Most trusted provider

FlightHub
3 stars

Round-trip from

$639
(Kenya Airways)

One-way from

$501
(British Airways)

Popular in

August

Cheapest in

October

Average price

$916

Good round-trip deal

$1,022 or less

Good one-way deal

$955 or less
Provider with most accurate pricing for Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.-Paris Charles de Gaulle flight deals.
Search Deals
Provider most trusted by Cheapflights users for Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.-Paris Charles de Gaulle flights.
Search Deals
From Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram. to Paris Charles de Gaulle
Search Deals
One-way flight from Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram. to Paris Charles de Gaulle
Search Deals
Highest demand for flights based on searches. 8% potential increase in price ($84 potential increase over avg. RT price).
Search Deals
Cheapest flight prices on average. 1% potential price decrease ($15 potential savings vs. average RT price).
Search Deals
Average for round-trip flights in February 2025
Search Deals
Price to beat on a round-trip flight from Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram. to Paris Charles de Gaulle.
Search Deals
Price to beat on a one-way flight from Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram. to Paris Charles de Gaulle.
Search Deals

Find flight deals from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle

Cheapest flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle
Explore the most affordable flight options available from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on February 20, 2025.

This Kenya Airways deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Kenya Airways is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Fri 5/161:50 pmMRU - CDG
1 stop19h 40mKenya Airways
Mon 6/910:55 amCDG - MRU
1 stop28h 55mKenya Airways
Deal found 2/20$639
This British Airways deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure British Airways is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Wed 7/238:45 pmMRU - CDG
1 stop28h 15mBritish Airways
Fri 8/2910:15 pmCDG - MRU
1 stop35h 40mBritish Airways
Deal found 2/20$796
This SAUDIA deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure SAUDIA is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Sun 7/64:55 pmMRU - CDG
1 stop15h 30mSAUDIA
Thu 8/283:55 pmCDG - MRU
1 stop24h 45mSAUDIA
Deal found 2/20$801
This Expedia deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Expedia is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Sat 4/129:00 amMRU - CDG
1 stop25h 55mSWISS
Fri 5/29:45 amCDG - MRU
1 stop19h 45mSWISS
Deal found 2/20$831
This Lufthansa deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Lufthansa is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Sat 4/129:00 amMRU - CDG
1 stop25h 55mMultiple Airlines
Sun 4/272:35 pmCDG - MRU
1 stop17h 50mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 2/20$842
This Gotogate deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Gotogate is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Thu 3/209:00 amMRU - CDG
1 stop23h 30mAir Austral
Thu 3/277:00 pmCDG - MRU
1 stop16h 00mAir Austral
Deal found 2/20$851
This Lufthansa deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Lufthansa is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Mon 7/77:20 pmMRU - CDG
1 stop15h 35mLufthansa
Sun 8/312:35 pmCDG - MRU
1 stop17h 50mLufthansa
Deal found 2/20$864
This Austrian Airlines deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Austrian Airlines is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Sun 4/610:20 amMRU - CDG
1 stop24h 40mAustrian Airlines
Tue 4/157:05 amCDG - MRU
1 stop23h 35mAustrian Airlines
Deal found 2/20$875
This Priceline deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Priceline is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Thu 3/2010:15 pmMRU - CDG
1 stop21h 50mAir Mauritius
Thu 3/274:20 pmCDG - MRU
Nonstop11h 15mAir Mauritius
Deal found 2/20$903
This Turkish Airlines deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Turkish Airlines is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Sat 6/78:05 pmMRU - CDG
1 stop18h 45mTurkish Airlines
Thu 6/265:50 pmCDG - MRU
1 stop16h 45mTurkish Airlines
Deal found 2/20$942
This Air France deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Air France is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Sun 4/69:40 amMRU - CDG
Nonstop11h 45mAir France
Thu 4/174:20 pmCDG - MRU
Nonstop11h 15mAir France
Deal found 2/20$974
This Emirates deal was found by Cheapflights users on 2/20. Clicking the “Pick Dates” button in this card will allow you to select your dates and further customize your flight criteria. From there, click “Find deals”, make sure Emirates is selected, and click “Compare selected” under the list of providers to see comparable flight deals.
Wed 7/94:35 pmMRU - CDG
1 stop18h 50mEmirates
Wed 9/39:55 pmCDG - MRU
1 stop16h 45mEmirates
Deal found 2/20$1,011

Find flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle within your budget

Customize your flight search to find flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle that fit within your specific budget. Explore options based on user searches and filter the results based on your desired price range. Find flights that match your budget for a cost-effective journey. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,558,603 searches. Data last updated February 20, 2025.

Fly from

Port Louis

Fly to

Charles de Gaulle

Route

Depart

Return

Price

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Fri 5/16

1:50 pm-7:30 am

1 stop19h 40m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Mon 6/9

10:55 am-5:50 pm

1 stop28h 55m

$639

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Wed 7/23

8:45 pm-11:00 pm

1 stop28h 15m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Fri 8/29

10:15 pm-11:55 am

1 stop35h 40m

$796

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Sun 7/6

4:55 pm-6:25 am

1 stop15h 30m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Thu 8/28

3:55 pm-6:40 pm

1 stop24h 45m

$801

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Sat 4/12

9:00 am-8:55 am

1 stop25h 55m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Fri 5/2

9:45 am-7:30 am

1 stop19h 45m

$831

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Sat 4/12

9:00 am-8:55 am

1 stop25h 55m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Sun 4/27

2:35 pm-10:25 am

1 stop17h 50m

$842

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Thu 3/20

9:00 am-5:30 am

1 stop23h 30m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Thu 3/27

7:00 pm-2:00 pm

1 stop16h 00m

$851

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Mon 7/7

7:20 pm-8:55 am

1 stop15h 35m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Sun 8/31

2:35 pm-10:25 am

1 stop17h 50m

$864

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Sun 4/6

10:20 am-9:00 am

1 stop24h 40m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Tue 4/15

7:05 am-8:40 am

1 stop23h 35m

$875

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Thu 3/20

10:15 pm-5:05 pm

1 stop21h 50m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Thu 3/27

4:20 pm-6:35 am

Nonstop11h 15m

$903

Port LouisParis

MRU - CDG

MRUCDG

Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram.

Sat 6/7

8:05 pm-12:50 pm

1 stop18h 45m

Paris Charles de Gaulle

Thu 6/26

5:50 pm-12:35 pm

1 stop16h 45m

$942

Flights are sorted by cheapest round-trip flights first.

Deals found on 2/20

Showing 1-10 of 22 results
1
2
3

Compare providers for flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle

Provider information is updated monthly. Please note that these providers often have deals for this flight, but the availability may vary on a day-by-day basis on Cheapflights.
Use the table below to compare price accuracy, trust ratings, and cancellation policies for each provider offering flight deals from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle in February.
ProviderPrice AccuracyTrust Score*
FlightHubPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*3 stars
GotogatePrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*3 stars
eDreamsPrice Accuracy3 starsTrust Score*3 stars

*The Trust Score is based on feedback from users after their booking experience. It measures overall satisfaction, helping us identify issues like hidden fees, problems during the ticketing process, and the quality of customer service. This score is our best indicator of the provider's quality and reliability.

  • Most accurate provider: When it comes to deals on Port Louis-Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport flights, users find the pricing of FlightHub to be most consistent on Cheapflights vs. FlightHub Users can find the same prices on Port Louis-Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport flight deals on Cheapflights vs. FlightHub >95% of the time. Price accuracy is based on data collected from Port Louis-Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport flight searches over the past month and is updated monthly.
  • Most trusted provider: When it comes to deals on Port Louis-Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport flights, Cheapflights users trust FlightHub the most. FlightHub has received a user feedback score of 3 out of 3 stars (3 being the best), meaning they have been trusted the most by Cheapflights users looking for Port Louis-Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport flight deals. Provider user feedback score is based on Cheapflights searches over the past month and is updated monthly.

Best time to book a flight from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle

Have a flexible travel schedule? Discover the best time to fly to Charles de Gaulle from Port Louis with our price prediction graph.
Estimated round-trip price
Rates are based on past data. Find the cheapest month and day to book your flight based on your travel requirements, then search for cheap deals.

Travel insights for flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle

Get recent, data-driven insights about flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle including ideal travel times, pricing trends, and more.

How far ahead should I book a flight from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport?

Use this chart to determine the optimal time to book a round-trip flight from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle. Price data was last updated on February 14, 2025.

The price you pay for your flight from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport may vary depending on when you book. For the best chance of a lower fare, look to book 44 days in advance of your trip. Fares are likely to increase a fortnight or so before your departure date.

What is the cheapest month to book a flight from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport?

Currently, January is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (average of $595). Flying from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport in June is currently the most expensive (average of $1,104). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.

What is the cheapest time of day to fly from MRU to CDG?

Find hourly flight availability from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle. Discover flight options and departure times throughout the day, allowing you to choose a departure time that suits your schedule. Data last updated February 20, 2025.

A simple way to save on the total cost of your ticket is to fly from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport in the afternoon. If you’re flexible enough to do this you can expect to save up to 40% on your trip compared to booking a flight in the evening.

Weekly flight availability from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport

Explore weekly flight availability from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle. Discover flights operating on different days of the week, giving you the flexibility to choose a travel day that best fits your plans. Compare info to find the most convenient option for your journey. Data last updated February 20, 2025.

The most flights from MRU to CDG are scheduled on a Monday (6 on average). You will have fewer flight options on Monday, which is when the least amount of flights are scheduled (6 on average).

Rainfall in Charles de Gaulle by month

Plan your trip to Charles de Gaulle by taking into account the average rainfall totals by month.

In terms of precipitation, rainfall in Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport ranges from 1.6 - 2.5 inches per month. May is typically the wettest month, when rainfall can reach 2.5 in. February is typically the driest time to visit Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport when rainfall is around 1.6 in.

Temperature in Charles de Gaulle by month

Plan your trip to Charles de Gaulle by taking into account the average temperature totals by month.

If weather is an important factor for your trip to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport, use this chart to help with planning. For those seeking warmer temperatures, July is the ideal time of year to visit, when temperatures reach an average of 69.8 F. Travelers looking to avoid the cold should look outside of January, when temperatures are typically at their lowest (around 41.0 F).

Reviews of airlines servicing Charles de Gaulle

Get insights into the airlines that provide service to Charles de Gaulle. Read reviews, discover amenities, and learn about the overall travel experience offered by airlines. Use this information to make informed decisions when choosing an airline for your flight to Charles de Gaulle. Reviews last updated February 20, 2025.
Emirates
8.1
Very good
3,276 reviews

Food

7.9

Boarding

8.1

Comfort

8.0

Overall

8.1

Crew

8.3

Entertainment

8.2

Reviews

1 / 20

10.0
Excellent

Wasima,Jan 2024

YYZ - DXB

It was a pleasure journey! Emirates improved their services and I am glad that they are doing well.

Emirates
8.1
Very good
3,276 reviews
Emirates
8.1
Very good
3,276 reviews

Food

7.9

Boarding

8.1

Comfort

8.0

Overall

8.1

Crew

8.3

Entertainment

8.2

Reviews

1 / 20

10.0
Excellent

Wasima,Jan 2024

YYZ - DXB

It was a pleasure journey! Emirates improved their services and I am glad that they are doing well.

Austrian Airlines
7.6
Good
773 reviews
Emirates
8.1
Very good
3,276 reviews

Food

7.9

Boarding

8.1

Comfort

8.0

Overall

8.1

Crew

8.3

Entertainment

8.2

Reviews

1 / 20

10.0
Excellent

Wasima,Jan 2024

YYZ - DXB

It was a pleasure journey! Emirates improved their services and I am glad that they are doing well.

SWISS
7.5
Good
1,568 reviews
Emirates
8.1
Very good
3,276 reviews

Food

7.9

Boarding

8.1

Comfort

8.0

Overall

8.1

Crew

8.3

Entertainment

8.2

Reviews

1 / 20

10.0
Excellent

Wasima,Jan 2024

YYZ - DXB

It was a pleasure journey! Emirates improved their services and I am glad that they are doing well.

SAUDIA
7.4
Good
645 reviews
Emirates
8.1
Very good
3,276 reviews

Food

7.9

Boarding

8.1

Comfort

8.0

Overall

8.1

Crew

8.3

Entertainment

8.2

Reviews

1 / 20

10.0
Excellent

Wasima,Jan 2024

YYZ - DXB

It was a pleasure journey! Emirates improved their services and I am glad that they are doing well.

Air France
7.4
Good
1,449 reviews
Emirates
8.1
Very good
3,276 reviews

Food

7.9

Boarding

8.1

Comfort

8.0

Overall

8.1

Crew

8.3

Entertainment

8.2

Reviews

1 / 20

10.0
Excellent

Wasima,Jan 2024

YYZ - DXB

It was a pleasure journey! Emirates improved their services and I am glad that they are doing well.

Related info for your journey

Find useful and relevant information for your journey from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle. Access travel guides, tips, and recommendations to enhance your travel experience. Get information about local attractions, weather, transportation options, and more.

  • What airport do you fly from for flights from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle?

    If you book a flight to Paris Charles de Gaulle from Port Louis, you will be flying from Sir Seewoosagur Ram., which is the city’s only airport. Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram. (MRU) is located 21.4 mi from the center of Port Louis. There are 6 flights from Sir Seewoosagur Ram. to Paris Charles de Gaulle per day from 8 different airlines.

  • What are the cheapest airlines flying from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport round-trip?

    Flying on Kenya Airways is currently your cheapest option to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport, with prices starting at $639. Additional round-trip tickets that might be worth considering are offered by British Airways and SAUDIA, with the lowest prices starting at $796 and $801, respectively. Kenya Airways is currently priced 33% below the average price you’ll pay for this route.

  • What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport one-way?

    The cheapest airline one-way is British Airways, with whom users have recently found tickets for as low as $501. However, be on the lookout for offers from Emirates and Air Austral, as they are both options that can get you from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport for a low price.

  • What are the most reliable airlines from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport?

    Looking for the most reliable airlines to get you to your destination on time? Our data shows these are most likely to get you from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport on time: KLM (60%), Air France (60%), Air Mauritius (60%).

  • What are the cheapest flights from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport?

    The cheapest flight price from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport is $875. On average you can expect to pay $1,153. The most popular route, (Port Louis Sir Seewoosagur Ram. - Paris Charles de Gaulle), can usually be booked for $859.

  • Can I find deals for flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle that include hotel bookings?

    Yes. In addition to deals on Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle flights, Cheapflights offers vacation packages that include both flights and hotel.

  • How can I find direct flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle?

    After entering your origin and destination, apply the non-stop filter on the search result page to find direct flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle.

  • Can I find deals for business class flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle?

    Yes. Cheapflights offers flight deals from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle by cabin class. In addition to browsing deals, you can also filter by cabin class on the search results page after making a search.

  • What is the cheapest month to book a flight from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport?

    Currently, January is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (average of $595). Flying from Port Louis to Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport in June is currently the most expensive (average of $1,104). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.

See more FAQs

Traveling to a place near Port Louis?

Book flights to Port Louis if you plan to visit one of these locations
Serris
Nanterre
Saint-Denis
Tremblay-en-France
Issy-les-Moulineaux
Courbevoie
Roissy-en-France
Villepinte
Auxerre
Beauvais
Torcy
Cergy
Ivry-sur-Seine
Massy
Levallois-Perret
Vanves
Suresnes
Vincennes
Versailles
Magny-le-Hongre

Browse thousands of different options on Cheapflights for your next trip

Toggle through the tabs below to find thousands of options on Cheapflights for your next trip.

Alternative routes for Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle

See prices for flight routes from nearby airports that may be better suited for you.
Port Louis to Orly flights

Top 8 airlines flying from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle

Discover the top 8 airlines that operate flights from Port Louis to Charles de Gaulle. Compare their services, reliability, and customer satisfaction ratings to choose the airline that best suits your travel preferences and needs. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,558,603 searches. Data last updated February 20, 2025.
AirlineCheapestAverageFlexibilityOn-time
Turkish AirlinesCheapest$459Average$940FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time77%
SAUDIACheapest$463Average$752FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time86%
Kenya AirwaysCheapest$600Average$843FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time82%
Air AustralCheapest$631Average$900FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time66%
SWISSCheapest$784Average$802FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time79%
Air FranceCheapest$807Average$1,001FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time77%
Air MauritiusCheapest$821Average$1,045FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time82%
EmiratesCheapest$943Average$1,072FlexibilityNo cancel feeOn-time75%
100% Free
Cheapflights is completely free to use, so you can start saving the moment you arrive.
Book with Flexibility
Our users can plan ahead with confidence and find flights with no change fees
Travel Smart
Millions of people come to us for their flight needs every year. We help make travel planning easy by providing useful insights and data-driven graphs that can inform your decisions.